Central Nervous System Diseases

Central nervous system disease can affect either the spinal cord (myelopathy) or brain (encephalopathy) of the central nervous system or both.

Brain / encephalopathy

Inflammatory Encephalitis (Viral encephalitis, Herpesviral encephalitis) · Cavernous sinus thrombosis
  Huntington's disease· Spinocerebellar ataxia (Friedreich's ataxia, Ataxia telangiectasia, Hereditary spastic paraplegia)
  atrophies Spinal muscular atrophy Kennedy disease spinal muscular atrophies of childhood ( Werdnig-Hoffman , Kugelberg-Welander)

    MND ( ALS, PMA, PBP, PP, PLS )· Fazio-Londe
    Basal ganglia disease : Parkinsonism ( Parkinson's disease, Postencephalitic parkinsonism) ·Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ·
Degenerative Extrapyramidal
Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration · Progressive supranuclear palsy · Striatonigral degeneration · Hemiballismus
  movement disorders Dystonia (Spasmodic torticollis, Meige's , Blepharospasm)· Chorea Choreoathetosis)· Myoclonus ( Myoclonic epilepsy ) Essential tremor · Restless legs · Stiff person
  Dementia Alzheimer's ( Early-onset) · Frontotemporal dementia / Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ( Pick's , Dementia with Lewy bodies ) · Multi-infarct dementia
  Mitochondrial disease Leigh's  
Demyelinating autoimmune ( Multiple sclerosis , Neuromyelitis optica , Schilder's disease ) · hereditary ( Adrenoleukodystrophy, Alexander , Canavan, Krabbe, ML, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher, VWM , MFC, CAMFAK syndrome) · Central pontine myelinolysis · Marchiafava-Bignami disease ·Alpers'
  Seizure / epilepsy Focal Generalised · Status epilepticus · Myoclonic epilepsy
  Headache Migraine ( Familial hemiplegic) · Cluster · Vascular · Tension
Episodic/
paroxysmal 		Vascular Transient ischemic attack ( Amaurosis fugax, Transient global amnesia)
Cerebrovascular disease · Stroke ( MCA , ACA , PCA, Foville's, Millard-Gubler, Lateral medullary, Weber's , Lacunar stroke )
Sleep disorders Insomnia · Hypersomnia · Sleep apnea ( Obstructive , Ondine's curse ) · Narcolepsy · Cataplexy · Kleine-Levin · Circadian rhythm sleep · Delayed sleep phase · Advanced sleep phase
CSF Intracranial hypertension ( Hydrocephalus / Normal pressure , Idiopathic intracranial hypertension ) · Cerebral edema · Intracranial hypotension
Other Brain herniation · Reye's · Hepatic encephalopathy · Toxic encephalopathy

Spinal cord / myelopathy

Inflammatory Myelitis : Poliomyelitis · Demyelinating disease ( Transverse myelitis ) · Tropical spastic paraparesis
Other Syringomyelia · Syringobulbia · Morvan's syndrome · Vascular myelopathy ( Foix-Alajouanine syndrome ) · Spinal cord compression

Both / either

 Inflammatory Meningitis / Arachnoiditis : Bacterial ( Tuberculous , Haemophilus , Pneumococcal ) · Viral ( Herpesviral ) · Fungal ( Cryptococcal ) · Aseptic ( Drug-induced ) Meningoencephalitis